Identify four reasons why the genetic diversity of a population may change over time.

Explain how changes in the concentration of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone in the atmosphere can affect global biodiversity.

Environmental value systems differ in how they view the importance of biodiversity and this could influence a community’s approach to conservation.

Discuss how these different perspectives, including your own, may influence approaches to conservation.

Outline the procedures in a laboratory-based method to find the gross productivity for a population of named aquatic animals in terms of biomass per day.

Explain how acid deposition falling on a forest may impact a nearby aquatic ecosystem.

When harvesting is limited to the sustainable yield, associated processes involved in a food production system may still make the production unsustainable.

In this context, to what extent can aquatic food production systems be truly sustainable?

Distinguish between two named biomes and the factors that cause their distribution.

Evaluate one method for measuring primary productivity in a named ecosystem.

Discuss how human activities impact the flows and stores in the nitrogen cycle.

Distinguish between the causes of recent global warming and those of ozone depletion.

Explain the impact of global warming and ozone depletion on coastal ecosystems.

Environmental value systems may lead to different approaches to addressing the issueof global warming. Discuss which environmental value system(s) you consider to bemost appropriate in the management of global warming.

With reference to named examples, distinguish between a primary and secondary pollutant.

Explain how organic waste may be an effective fertilizer in terrestrial systems but a source of pollution in aquatic systems.

To what extent can different environmental value systems contribute to both causing and resolving the problem of water scarcity?

Identify one primary pollutant from the pollutants shown in Figure 3.

Outline why the pollutant named in Question 3 (a)(i) is referred to as a primary pollutant.

Outline one reason why there is an increase in nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons early in the day.

Explain the changes in ozone concentration over the period shown in Figure 3.

State one environmental impact of the accumulation of ozone shown in Figure 3.

Outline two local conditions that may increase the severity of photochemical smog.

Outline the role of catalytic converters in reducing photochemical smog.

Outline the processes by which a species may evolve a greater tolerance to higher temperatures.

Explain how the atmosphere plays a role in maintaining life-supporting temperatures over the Earth’s surface.

In addressing environmental issues, mitigation strategies may be seen as primarily ecocentric and adaptation strategies as primarily technocentric.

To what extent is this view valid in the context of named strategies for addressing the issue of global warming?

Outline two factors that affect the frequency and severity of photochemical smog in an area.

Evaluate strategies to manage regional acid deposition using the pollution management model.

To what extent have international agreements been successful in solving atmospheric air pollution and climate change?

With reference to Figure 9, explain why the highest levels of NOx are found in the centre of London.

Evaluate one strategy to reduce NOx emissions from transport.

Identify two potential impacts of improved air quality on London and its population.