Identify four reasons why the genetic diversity of a population may change over time.

Explain how changes in the concentration of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone in the atmosphere can affect global biodiversity.

Environmental value systems differ in how they view the importance of biodiversity and this could influence a community’s approach to conservation.

Discuss how these different perspectives, including your own, may influence approaches to conservation.

Describe the role of primary producers in ecosystems.

Explain the potential impact of ocean acidification on environmental systems and societies.

To what extent do anthropocentric value systems dominate the international efforts to address climate change?

Outline the factors that lead to different environmental value systems in contrasting cultures.

Explain why the harvesting of a named aquatic species may be controversial.

Discuss strategies that can be used to improve the sustainability of food production systems.

Outline the procedures in a laboratory-based method to find the gross productivity for a population of named aquatic animals in terms of biomass per day.

Explain how acid deposition falling on a forest may impact a nearby aquatic ecosystem.

When harvesting is limited to the sustainable yield, associated processes involved in a food production system may still make the production unsustainable.

In this context, to what extent can aquatic food production systems be truly sustainable?

With reference to four different properties of a soil, outline how each can contribute to high primary productivity.

Explain how the level of primary productivity of different biomes influences their resilience.

Discuss the role of feedback mechanisms in maintaining the stability and promoting the restoration of plant communities threatened by human impacts.

Identify one transfer and one transformation process shown in Figure 2.

Transfer:

Transformation:

Outline how urbanization might impact two of the storages in Figure 2.

Runoff from agricultural land can result in excess nutrients entering water bodies. Outline one indirect measure of organic pollution.

Runoff from agricultural land can result in excess nutrients entering water bodies. State one management strategy that could control the release of agricultural runoff.

Outline why top carnivores are vulnerable to non-biodegradable toxins.

Explain two factors which lead to a loss of marine (ocean) biodiversity.

Evaluate one possible pollution management strategy for solid domestic waste.

State the trophic level of the zebra.

State how you could determine gross secondary productivity of the zebra.

Explain how the second law of thermodynamics applies to this food chain.

State the type of relationship that exists between biting flies and the zebra.

Zebra stripes may reduce the ability of the biting flies to land on the zebra. Describe how natural selection may have led to the evolution of zebra stripes in response to biting flies.