Environmental value systems differ in how they view the importance of biodiversity and this could influence a community’s approach to conservation.
Discuss how these different perspectives, including your own, may influence approaches to conservation.
To what extent do anthropocentric value systems dominate the international efforts to address climate change?
Outline the factors that lead to different environmental value systems in contrasting cultures.
Outline the procedures in a laboratory-based method to find the gross productivity for a population of named aquatic animals in terms of biomass per day.
Explain how acid deposition falling on a forest may impact a nearby aquatic ecosystem.
When harvesting is limited to the sustainable yield, associated processes involved in a food production system may still make the production unsustainable.
In this context, to what extent can aquatic food production systems be truly sustainable?
With reference to four different properties of a soil, outline how each can contribute to high primary productivity.
Explain how the level of primary productivity of different biomes influences their resilience.
Discuss the role of feedback mechanisms in maintaining the stability and promoting the restoration of plant communities threatened by human impacts.
Figure 2: Representation of the water cycle
Identify one transfer and one transformation process shown in Figure 2.
Transfer:
Transformation:
Outline how urbanization might impact two of the storages in Figure 2.
Runoff from agricultural land can result in excess nutrients entering water bodies. Outline one indirect measure of organic pollution.
Runoff from agricultural land can result in excess nutrients entering water bodies. State one management strategy that could control the release of agricultural runoff.
Outline why top carnivores are vulnerable to non-biodegradable toxins.
Explain two factors which lead to a loss of marine (ocean) biodiversity.
Evaluate one possible pollution management strategy for solid domestic waste.
Figure 1(a): Savanna food chain
[Source:Djsudermann, 2019. [Elephants in the Savannah] [image online] Available at: https://pixabay.com/photos/
elephant-trees-savannah-sky-animal-4121954/ [Accessed 29 September 2020]. Source adapted.
designerpoint, 2012. Lion-wildcat-safari-africa-515030. [image online] Available at: https://pixabay.com/photos/
lion-wildcat-safari-africa-515030/ [Accessed 3 September 2020].]
Figure 1(b): Biting flies in the savanna
Biting flies bite and drink the blood of zebras. They commonly carry diseases that can be fatal to zebras.
[Source: [Tsetse fly] 2006. [image online] Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsetse\_fly.png [Accessed 22
May 2020]. Source adapted.
Wellcome Material: Tropical Medicine, 2014. Illustration of ‘Tabinus socius’. [image online] Available at:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Illustration_of_%27Tabinus_socius%27;_Tropical_Medicine_Wellcome_
L0025345.jpg. Second report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories at the Gordon Memorial College, Khartoum
/ Andrew Balfour. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/ez3txjfg. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en[Accessed 22 May 2020]. Source adapted.]
State the trophic level of the zebra.
State how you could determine gross secondary productivity of the zebra.
Explain how the second law of thermodynamics applies to this food chain.
State the type of relationship that exists between biting flies and the zebra.
Zebra stripes may reduce the ability of the biting flies to land on the zebra. Describe how natural selection may have led to the evolution of zebra stripes in response to biting flies.
Environmental value systems may lead to different approaches to addressing the issue of global warming. Discuss which environmental value system(s) you consider to be most appropriate in the management of global warming.
Outline four ways in which urbanization may influence processes in the hydrological cycle.
Hydropower is a resource that can be exploited from rivers. Explain how the value of this resource to a society may vary over time.
To what extent are water scarcity issues better addressed through changing human behaviour than through technological development?