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What is drag force?

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A type of friction that acts opposite to the relative motion of an object moving through a fluid.

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What is drag force?

A type of friction that acts opposite to the relative motion of an object moving through a fluid.

What is the equation for drag force?

$$ F_d = \frac{1}{2} C_d \rho A v^2 $$ where $F_d$ is drag force, $C_d$ is drag coefficient, $\rho$ is fluid density, $A$ is cross-sectional area, and $v$ is velocity.

How does drag force affect a cyclist?

As a cyclist rides faster, the drag force increases, requiring more power to maintain speed.

What is lift in the context of sports?

A force perpendicular to the direction of motion that can reduce drag, as seen in skiing.

What is the relationship between speed and drag force?

Drag force increases with the square of the speed; doubling speed quadruples the drag force.

What is static friction?

The frictional force that prevents relative motion between surfaces.

What is dynamic (kinetic) friction?

The frictional force acting when surfaces are in relative motion.

What is the equation for friction?

$$ F_f = \mu F_n $$ where $F_f$ is frictional force, $\mu$ is the coefficient of friction, and $F_n$ is the normal force.

What factors affect friction?

Surface texture, normal force, and material properties.

How does friction convert kinetic energy?

Friction converts kinetic energy into thermal energy, causing objects to slow down.

What is terminal velocity?

The constant speed a freely falling object reaches when the resistance of the medium prevents further acceleration.

What is the equation for terminal velocity?

$$ v_t = \sqrt{\frac{2mg}{\rho A C_d}} $$ where $v_t$ is terminal velocity, $m$ is mass, $g$ is acceleration due to gravity, $\rho$ is fluid density, $A$ is cross-sectional area, and $C_d$ is drag coefficient.

What happens at terminal velocity?

The drag force equals the gravitational pull, resulting in zero net acceleration.

How does air resistance affect projectile motion?

Air resistance reduces both the distance and height of a projectile.

What is the optimal angle for maximum range without air resistance?

45 degrees.

How does air resistance affect the horizontal component of projectile velocity?

It reduces the horizontal velocity component, causing the projectile to decelerate more rapidly.

What are the two types of flow in hydraulics?

Turbulent flow (chaotic and irregular) and laminar flow (smooth and regular).

What is the Doppler Effect?

The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

What is impulse?

The change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a time interval.

What is the equation for impulse?

$$ J = \Delta p = F \Delta t $$ where $J$ is impulse, $\Delta p$ is change in momentum, $F$ is force, and $\Delta t$ is time interval.

Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS)

Friction and Drag (HL)

Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS)

Friction and Drag (HL)

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